{"id":836644,"date":"2023-07-05T17:48:45","date_gmt":"2023-07-05T15:48:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/?p=836644"},"modified":"2023-07-06T15:00:14","modified_gmt":"2023-07-06T13:00:14","slug":"nvidia-revolutionne-la-meteo-avec-son-supercalculateur-dope-a-lia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/nvidia-revolutionne-la-meteo-avec-son-supercalculateur-dope-a-lia\/","title":{"rendered":"NVIDIA r\u00e9volutionne la m\u00e9t\u00e9o avec son supercalculateur dop\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#8217;IA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Lundi, au <strong>Sommet de Berlin pour l&#8217;initiative Earth Virtualization Engines<\/strong> (EVE), qui a comme objectif principal de <strong>mod\u00e9liser une copie digitale de la Terre<\/strong> (Earth-2) afin de <strong>mieux comprendre le climat<\/strong>, on en a appris un peu plus sur un gros projet sur lequel travail la compagnie <strong>NVIDIA<\/strong>, par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire de son fondateur et PDG, Jensen Huang. Reprenant les termes du physicien Richard Feynam, \u00ab&nbsp;ce que je ne peux pas cr\u00e9er, je ne le comprends pas&nbsp;\u00bb, il indique par l\u00e0 qu\u2019il faut <strong>travailler sur la mod\u00e9lisation du climat pour mieux comprendre ses m\u00e9canismes et ses enjeux<\/strong>, car sans celle-ci comprendre compl\u00e8tement les processus climatologiques est bien plus complexe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"596\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/image-11.png\" alt=\"terre nvidia ia gh200\" class=\"wp-image-836675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/image-11.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/image-11-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/image-11-768x381.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00a9NVIDIA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour r\u00e9aliser cette copie digitale de la Terre, les technologies de <strong>l\u2019intelligence artificielle et du calcul haute performance<\/strong> (HPC) jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9, et c\u2019est dans ce domaine pr\u00e9cis qu\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 comme NVIDIA intervient. Son PDG a par la suite d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que pour atteindre leurs objectifs, ils doivent r\u00e9aliser 3 \u00e9tapes capitales, d\u00e9nomm\u00e9es par le mot \u00ab&nbsp;miracle&nbsp;\u00bb&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il faut simuler le climat ultra rapidement, avec une r\u00e9solution de l\u2019ordre de plusieurs km\u00b2&nbsp;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00catre capable de pr\u00e9-calculer d\u2019\u00e9normes quantit\u00e9s de donn\u00e9es&nbsp;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pouvoir visualiser ces donn\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re interactive \u00e0 partir de <strong>NVIDIA Omniverse<\/strong> afin de les rendre disponibles pour les chercheurs, les entreprises et les d\u00e9cideurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;initiative EVE promet d&#8217;acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer l\u2019avanc\u00e9e des progr\u00e8s, en pr\u00e9conisant des <strong>projections climatiques<\/strong> coordonn\u00e9es \u00e0 une r\u00e9solution de 2,5 km, et peut s\u2019appuyer sur des progr\u00e8s consid\u00e9rables r\u00e9alis\u00e9s au cours des 25 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. De nombreuses applications peuvent d\u00e9j\u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier du <strong>calcul haute performance<\/strong>, alors qu\u2019une augmentation importante de la puissance du calcul devrait bient\u00f4t arriver avec le <strong>nouveau processeur d\u2019NVIDIA<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/NVIDIA-GH200.jpg\" alt=\"NVIDIA DGX GH200\" class=\"wp-image-836645\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/NVIDIA-GH200.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/NVIDIA-GH200-300x62.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/NVIDIA-GH200-768x159.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NVIDIA DGX GH200 \u00a9 NVIDIA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nvidia-gh200-grace-hopper-modulus-et-fourcastnet\">NVIDIA GH200 Grace Hopper, Modulus et FourCastNet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/nvidia-devoile-ses-solutions-dgx-gh200-et-lance-la-production-des-grace-hopper-superchip\/\"><strong>super-puce NVIDIA GH200 Grace Hopper<\/strong> est un supercalculateur \u00e0 m\u00e9moire massive r\u00e9volutionnaire<\/a> pr\u00e9vu d\u00e8s sa conception pour les <strong>applications d&#8217;intelligence artificielle<\/strong> \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle et de calcul haute performance. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/nvidia-pretend-concevoir-des-puces-30-fois-plus-rapidement-grace-a-lia\/\">Cette puce a probablement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d\u2019AutoDMP,&nbsp; son outil de conception par IA<\/a>, et ses performances sont de l\u2019ordre de 10 fois plus pour des applications de ce type et elle est con\u00e7ue pour s&#8217;adapter, capable de performer encore plus en connectant plusieurs puces entre elles pour qu\u2019elles agissent en unissons. Les puces d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019IA vont \u00eatre de plus en plus nombreuses, notamment avec <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/lia-de-synopsis-a-permis-de-concevoir-100-puces-commercialisees\/\">Synopsys et son service Design Space Optimization AI<\/a>, mais aussi comme avec <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/une-ia-chinoise-cree-un-cpu-en-5-heures-contre-4-ans-pour-une-equipe-humaine\/\">cette \u00e9quipe de chercheurs chinois qui a enti\u00e8rement r\u00e9alis\u00e9 la conception d\u2019un processeur avec l\u2019intelligence artificielle<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En plus de son processeur, NVIDIA a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 les projets <strong>Modulus<\/strong>, un cadre open-source pour construire des mod\u00e8les d&#8217;apprentissage automatique bas\u00e9s sur la physique, et <strong>FourCastNet<\/strong>, un mod\u00e8le mondial de pr\u00e9visions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques bas\u00e9 sur des donn\u00e9es r\u00e9elles. En utilisant des donn\u00e9es brutes, FourCastNet a \u00e9t\u00e9 capable d&#8217;apprendre les principes physiques des mod\u00e8les m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et a pu pr\u00e9dire avec pr\u00e9cision la trajectoire de l&#8217;ouragan Harvey en mod\u00e9lisant la force de Coriolis (effet de la rotation de la Terre) sur la temp\u00eate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"responsive-container embed-youtube-com\"><iframe title=\"Predicting Extreme Weather Risk Three Weeks in Advance With FourCastNet\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FUUT6IrQjo4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Modulus et FourCastNet, ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s sur des GPU NVIDIA, sont capables de donner des pr\u00e9dictions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques sur 21 jours, 10 fois plus rapidement qu\u2019avec les technologies contemporaines et pour 1 000 fois moins d\u2019\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"responsive-container embed-youtube-com\"><iframe title=\"Interactive Visualization of High-Resolution, Global-Scale Climate Data in the Cloud\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8cQoYcbUG_M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour conclure, Jensen Huang a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que la mission de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 est de \u00ab&nbsp;repousser les limites de l&#8217;informatique au service de la mod\u00e9lisation climatique, de rechercher de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes et technologies pour \u00e9tudier l&#8217;\u00e9tat global et local du climat afin d&#8217;\u00e9clairer aujourd&#8217;hui l&#8217;impact des mesures d&#8217;att\u00e9nuation et d&#8217;adaptation sur l&#8217;avenir de la Terre, et d&#8217;aller audacieusement l\u00e0 o\u00f9 personne n&#8217;est all\u00e9 auparavant&nbsp;\u00bb. On comprend mieux aujourd\u2019hui <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.fr\/les-crypto-monnaies-napportent-rien-a-la-societe-estime-le-directeur-de-la-technologie-de-nvidia\/\">les mots du directeur de la technologie qui avait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que \u00ab&nbsp;Les cryptomonnaies n\u2019apportent rien \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a>, nous d\u00e9montrant bien que NVIDIA travaille aussi sur des projets importants pour l\u2019humanit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>Source : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techpowerup.com\/310797\/nvidia-proposes-that-ai-will-accelerate-climate-research-innovation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">N<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techpowerup.com\/310797\/nvidia-proposes-that-ai-will-accelerate-climate-research-innovation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">VIDIA<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le PDG de NVIDIA a fait quelques d\u00e9clarations, lundi au Sommet de Berlin pour l'initiative Earth Virtualization Engines, sur les actions men\u00e9es par son entreprise dans le domaine de la recherche en climatologie.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":134,"featured_media":836675,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[487,4108],"tags":[538],"hubs":[],"class_list":["post-836644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite","category-intelligence-artificielle","tag-nvidia"],"acf":{"display_mode":"medium-img","post_show_excerpt":true,"post_show_in_home":true,"post_show_summary":false,"post_source":"","hide_sidebar":false,"hide_advertising":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.5 (Yoast SEO v23.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NVIDIA r\u00e9volutionne la m\u00e9t\u00e9o avec son supercalculateur dop\u00e9 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